We have to understand the intentions of the characters' respective creators. Ernest Tidyman saw a conspicuous absence of black heroes in popular fiction. He consciously set out to remedy that by creating a hero who was black. Casting a white actor betrays what is central to Tidyman's intention.
Ian Fleming's intention was not to create a hero who is white, but to create a hero of the British Secret Service. In 1953 (when he created Bond), such a character would have been born around 1920, and in the 1940s rose to the rank of Commander in the Royal Navy. It was not possible for a black man born in 1920 to have such a career. James Bond was white simply by default.
But James Bond today would have been born around 1980 and rose in the Royal Navy in the 21st century. A black man could have this background, so James Bond does not have to be white to remain true to Fleming's intention to create a hero of the British Secret Service.
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