I'm a big fan of the Coen brother films, and based on the previews this was a madcap comedy, in the vein of Intolerable Cruelty, Razing Arizona, and Burn after Reading.
But it's not.
Rather, this is a complex film that is much closer to The Man Who Wasn't There, Barton Fink, and (especially) A Serious Man.
So it's actually very in-character for a Coen brothers film. Just not the way the trailers made it out to be.
The movie is very subtle and deeply layered. I'm not going to make you wait for it - the film is about authority. Who has it? How do they get it? Do people give it to them? And if so, why?
This theme is most clearly enunciated during the scene with Baird (George Clooney) and his communist "kidnappers." They talk about the body & the head. The little guy & the boss. It's a bit confusing exactly who is "the little guy" and who is "the boss" - several different perspectives are expressed. But it's generally agreed upon that they are "for the little guy" and presumably represent that angle.
Through the character of Mannix (Josh Brolin) we explore this theme in several ways. On the surface Mannix is "the head" of the studio. He tells everyone what to do, and fixes problems. The studio's body would fall apart without Mannix! But Mannix also has a boss - the offscreen owner of the studio who lives in New York but gets a daily phone call. And Mannix is very serious about his faith - so God (or the church) is also his boss.
We explore the theme of authority through several discussions about faith and diety - most explicitly in the scene in which 4 religious leaders discuss whether the film "Hail Caesar" treats the topic of Christ with respect. Their answers are all over the map - unity is division, division is unity, Christ is God, or a man who is the Son of God, or both, or neither. All four men are pleased though at the mention of Baird Whitlock - because his celebrity gives "authority" to the film's production.
The fictional film-within-a-film echoes this theme again. There is no Caesar in the film - the authority is absent, but felt. The extra playing Christ doesn't know if he is an extra or a principle. Also, the fictional film has the same name as the actual film we watch - so who then is in authority?
At one point, Mannix talks with Hobie Doyle (Alden Ehrenreich) about the kidnapping, and Hobie gives another viewpoint on authority. To him, it's the extras who lack authority - because they aren't invested in the work. Everyone else on-and-off screen is a vital part of the film, but the extras come and go. Mannix reinforces this idea near the end, when he slaps Baird and tells him that pictures have value, and so long as Baird can do work in service of the picture, his actions have value as well.
The resolution of all this questioning - and there is a clear resolution - comes from Mannix's decision about whether or not he should leave Capital pictures (as opposed to Communist pictures?) and take a more stable job doing things "that matter." The question of whether or not work matters (or gossip matters, etc) is another big theme - some people have suggested that it's the central theme. But to me the validation of work is all about authority - so the question of authority trumps it as the main theme.
So by the end Mannix decides to stay - because whether he's the body or the head, he's part of a functioning organism that produces something of merit. And being part of that something is what matters. We all produce work, but we also all create the authority that we serve.
This is quite a nice read of the movie. I have been thinking along similar lines, though I would only add that I felt the story seems to be focusing on the subjects of authority and their struggle to find their way in a world of conflicting and muddled direction.
It's been rattling around in my head ever since its release, so I started blogging about some of my ideas about what it's doing, if you're interested:
What did you make of the montage scene where Mannix is praying and wandering around on the Hail, Caesar set, intercut with shots of Hobie following Burt Gurney?
So, I think most of the characters are well thought-of in terms of how much "head" they display and how much "body."
Hobie is almost pure "body" - he just does as he's told! He takes out the girl they say he should - he joins the movie when told, and he's absolutely not going to give up on saying that line!
And yet, in a moment of crisis, Hobie sees the bag with the belt, knows what it means, and takes action. So that sequence of him following the bag, and finding Baird, is important for supporting the idea that bodies aren't useless - they aren't slaves - they're just good at physical body things. (Like rope tricks, etc.)
That montage with Mannix is when he's (offscreen) figuring out who kidnapped Baird, and making arrangements for his return. He's on the set, because (as he says later to Baird) "Actions have meaning when they are in service to the picture." He's on the set physically because he needs the clarity of acting on behalf of the picture - not acting as himself, or on his own.
That's also, for me, when he really makes his decision about the job offer. He realizes that the reason he is such an effective "head" to the studio is because HE BELIEVES in the pictures. If you're just building airplanes - what's the motivation to pull out all the stops and be amazing? Maybe it's "real" - but you have to believe in the thing that pulls all of you together - you grant that thing the authority that enables and empowers you.
Mannix is quitting smoking because he promised his wife he would - and although it's hard, he's making progress and he's honestly trying. Because he believes in his marriage and that empowers him to make positive changes in himself.
Hobie was shown to be a "body" in that he was a purely physical actor, and first impressions are that there's not much going on upstairs. However, his insight that the extras might have been involved was the smartest observation of the movie. Hobie was much smarter than originally thought, which further muddles the line between body and head. It's not so easy to pin someone down as one or the other, as the commies in their meeting discovered.
That's an interesting point - and I totally agree. Hobie is physical, and not really one to direct or order people - he's very much a body.
But you're also totally right that he's smart, and accomplished. The fact that he's more comfortable taking direction than giving it doesn't mean he's not his own person, or that he's not strong. Like the communists say in their meeting - just because you understand the dialectic doesn't mean you're not still a part of it!
I revised the angle of my interpretation and revised the blog entry to match it. I'm now seeing the movie being more about the nature of storytelling, and its intersection with real life.
Stories have an author with the story they want to tell, but in the process of transmission the content of the story gets changed. In the case of books, you have editors, publishers, interpreters and printers. For movies, you have producers, writers, directors, and actors.
Religious and philosophical ideas have a more ambiguous author, but they depend on priests and professors to communicate them to the public.
In a business, somebody has an idea about a product they want to make, but there are managers, middle managers, hiring managers, and low level workers between the product that you want to make and the product that ultimately gets produced.
All three have audiences, or markets. And in all three cases, the audience will receive the result and interpret or use it in a probably completely different way than the 'author' intended.
In all three you find people jockeying for a better position, trying to find a more important role, being put forward as a leader, the source of truth or quality.
And in all three there is the question of whether they are producing this thing for the good of humanity, to tell a truth, or a lie, or simply entertain, or if they're doing it to make money.
And, there isn't even a clear line between these three "producers". For example, businesses have to tell stories about their product to their markets (advertising), and it has to be a good one. Storytellers have to come up with something that can find a market and make the publishers or Hollywood money. Religious leaders and philosophers have to make their idea or story clear so it can be understood, and they need to make money in order to continue to operate.
And in all three there is the question of what the audience or market wants. The audience is trying to find out what they've been given, they evaluate and criticize it, whether it's good or true, or whether there's a better product, religion, ideology, story, or movie out there.
In Hail, Caesar! I think we are seeing a depiction of this, the human condition, and for me, it's firing on all cylinders in all aspects. Just amazing. The greatest story ever told, told in a great way, and finding all kinds of audiences that love it or hate it in all kinds of ways for both predictable and unpredictable reasons.
Ooh - delicious! Instead of "storytelling" - you could math contemporary philosophers and call that "the expression (or manifestation) of an internal concept." - which was something Wittgenstein really focused much of his later writings on.
A key part of that concept, which the movie explores in depth, is about us expressing ideas TO OURSELVES as well as expressing them to others. That's a lot of the duality.
Baird is a great manifestation of this - and it's all tied up in the things that make him a bit of a frustrating character to watch. He's a total blank slate - an actor - just reflecting ideas but at the same time giving them weight, authority, and gravitas. He's great at expressing any idea - because he doesn't hold any of them in his own head. Be this centurion - bam. He's doing a great job of it. Proselytize Communism to the masses? He's ready in a moment! For get all that and get back to work? Done!
And yet this empty vessel - this loudspeaker for other people's ideas - is widely respected. His greatness instantly unifies the religious leaders, for example. And that's because he's not only expressing these ideas outward - he's expressing them inward. He believes.
Someone asked why Baird bumbles his sword when sitting down - over and over. I think that happens to remind us (the audience) that he's not changing out of his centurion's outfit. He won't even take off a prop sword without explicitly being told to do so - he's there to take direction!
Contrast that with Burt Gurney (Channing Tatum) - he's always expressing one idea while holding another inside. (The "we won't see a dame"/homo-erotic first scene, betraying his country for "the cause"/dropping the money for his dog)
Burt doesn't convince anyone of anything, because his self-deception gets in the way.
There's another bit of genius going on with Baird and the depiction of him as going whichever way the wind blows. It is not so easy to pick up, but it is right there in the dialog as plain as day.
Baird is bisexual. He swings both ways. He can play for either team.
This information is buried in the little story he's telling to the communists as he walks out of the study group room where they were explaining the nature of man to him.
As he walks out together with the communists, he's telling a story about waking up in the morning after some kind of party, and he's with Clark Gable, who says "well, her keys weren't there, so I guess we're walkin'!", followed by "that was before Gable was Gable".
This is made clear by the similarity between the nature of this story and all the other stories in the movie about him waking up in rooms after parties with women, and by the rhyme between the phrase "that was before Gable was Gable" and the more common phrase "that was before Gay was Gay".
"Someone asked why Baird bumbles his sword when sitting down - over and over. I think that happens to remind us (the audience) that he's not changing out of his centurion's outfit. He won't even take off a prop sword without explicitly being told to do so - he's there to take direction!"
Another possibility may be that the sword, as obvious phallic symbol, represents Baird's potency (or lack of?), not as a man, but as ideological influence because of his fame and position. He bangs it when he sits down as both showing that he doesn't know what to do with it, and that it is in a symbolic flaccid state, and thus he has nothing to say (or as Marxists would put it, he is suffering false consciousness). The irony of the scene of course is that he is the supposed captured person, but yet he is the one who has the sword and is symbolically dressed in a position of power. But when Hobbe comes in to 'rescue' him (the loner capitalist cowboy) Baird is laying horizontal, thus returned to the symbolic state of when he first woke up in the house after being drugged, the point being that he has learned nothing, and all that talk by the communists literally put him to sleep.
Another irony I saw was that the speech about equality of men Baird gave to Mannix (written by communist screenwriters and spoken like he learned his lines correctly) which earns him a slap, is pretty much exactly the same speech with different words (written by communist screenwriters?) that will earn him praise* in the sandal film (its funny how catholics often overlook the Marxist lessons of Christ, something filmmaker Pasolini made explicit) It shows the ideology of equality only really exists in fantasy form in movies in America, while the real ideology of playing your role in the capitalist system is what the authorities really want. In other words, its fine to say these things in a movie because they are just fantasy, but don't say them in real life where they may have an impact.
* Is this a comment by the Coens about the irony of how Dalton Trumbo who was blacklisted for being a communist but yet was celebrated for writing a 'communist' script like Spartacus?
Another irony I saw was that the speech about equality of men Baird gave to Mannix (written by communist screenwriters and spoken like he learned his lines correctly) which earns him a slap, is pretty much exactly the same speech with different words (written by communist screenwriters?) that will earn him praise* in the sandal film (its funny how catholics often overlook the Marxist lessons of Christ, something filmmaker Pasolini made explicit) It shows the ideology of equality only really exists in fantasy form in movies in America, while the real ideology of playing your role in the capitalist system is what the authorities really want. In other words, its fine to say these things in a movie because they are just fantasy, but don't say them in real life where they may have an impact.
Didn't catch this. Hilarious.
My smile is stuck, I cannot go back to your frownland. reply share
Someone asked why Baird bumbles his sword when sitting down - over and over. I think that happens to remind us (the audience) that he's not changing out of his centurion's outfit. He won't even take off a prop sword without explicitly being told to do so - he's there to take direction!
That Baird doesn't change out of his Roman costume, also fits a possible Latin language game present in the Communists' beach house: there is quite a number of horses (in pictures & as sculptures), horse = equus -> aequus = equal. Equality, something Communism is especially concerned about, and an idea also appearing in Baird's speech at the feet of the penitent thief: "This man was giving water to all. He saw no Roman, he saw no slave, he saw only men, weak men, and gave succor." Then again, Burt Gurney just may like horses. ;)
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I like it and henceforth add 'authority' to the attributes this film is strong as.
Another important property of this film could be 'loyalty', closely related to authority:
Mannix calls the boss every morning and ultimately decides his place is where he's already at, plus he's loyal to God; Hobie is loyal to the point of taking action when he sees the belt and rescues Baird; Gurney serves the motherland and his underlings are certainly loyal to that cause. to a fault; Swinton's roles are loyal to their audience (to which she's an authority they depend on for the scoop); then there's good old dependable Joseph "It's my job ma'am" Silverman, always willing to take one for he team.
Be sure to proof your posts to see if you any words out
I like "reliability" (to use a word emphasized by the film) more than "loyalty" to express that concept. But it's absolutely true that when defining roles you always run up against the idea of people not doing what they are supposed to do.
Really interesting take. That theme really is all over this, isn't it...
Along those lines, one of my favorite jokes in this is when the guy in charge of the door calls Mannix a knucklehead for entering during a live shoot, then immediately realizes he's just insulted the "big boss", amending it quickly to "Sorry, Mr. Mannix!"
It goes by so fast, it's easy to miss. Who's in charge is all a matter of context.
Yes, yes, a thousand times yes. It's a constant problem for Cohen films; they're advertised as something they're not, which attracts a crowd that would dislike the film and alienates those who would love it.
Movies are IQ tests; the IMDB boards are how people broadcast their score.
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Everybody else does it, too. Except with everyone else, we get pompous *beep* - most of the time, these days. This picture, however, is close to a contemporary masterpiece.
For anyone young, lured by the trailer, not to understand it: it's a failure of themselves. They simply drop the briefcase, without ever knowing what was in it (for example, they may think that it was money).
For anyone old, it's a delight. Thank you, for making it!! :))
Blah had to come back and it: this is NOT an old-people's movie... Just look at the simplicity of the scenes that were there specifically for the unexperienced, the uninitiated - if you will (hehe). Don't tell me they missed that, too.
oh thank you, you wise genious, you apostel of the profane, let us worship you.
doesn't make the film any better though.
yes, the cohens put much thought into it, which in itself is worth ... nothing. just as gilliam put a lot of thought into the zero theorem, aronofsky into the fountain, richard kelly into southland tales, lynch into inland empire etc etc etc, all of which have brilliant minds just like the cohens, but it proves once again that genious alone does not always cut it.
it was watchable, but eventually falls flat. i gave it a 4/10.
Like in "Barton Fink", the Coens play with the word "picture". In the discussion between the producer and Eddie Mannix about the financial implications of Baird Whitlock's disappearance, the producer says: "You know how big the picture is..." Later on, Eddie Mannix to Baird Whitlock: "The picture has worth and you have worth if you serve the picture." You may have to figure out for yourself, what gives "the big picture" worth. But the film offers a possible suggestion: Allegra sees Biff instead of Monty. "Biff", like the bully from "Back to the Future". No coincidence, considering Peanut's deliberately ambiguous line, like from a time travel movie: "Someone's calling from 'The Future'." The "Our Father" (heard as last song in "Hail, Caesar!" during the end credits) praises "the power & the glory" of god, who (according to one of the clergymen) "is love". "Back to the Future" features the song "The Power of Love", Hobie & Carlotta sing "The Glory of Love". Occurrences of love in "Hail, Caesar!": - unrequited love in "Merrily We Dance" - the excitement of (unexpected) fresh love: DeeAnna Moran & Joe Silverman - everyday love: Eddie & Mrs. Mannix - Burt Gurney saves his beloved dog Engels(*), instead of the briefcase with the money for the Comintern (love's "triumph" over ideology). One might dismiss it as irony and sigh with a mirthless chuckle: "Would that it were so simple." But sometimes the Coens' true convictions come along unexpected paths. ;-) (*) At one point, one of the communist screenwriters tells the dog: "Quiet, Engels!", pronounced "angles", like the different angles, one can consider "Hail, Caesar!" from. ;-)