A lot of science fiction with bad outcomes in the 1950s -- Them!, Godzilla, and various others which are always attributed to paranoia about nuclear weapons.
Some of the films you mention deal in political paranoia, which ties in with either Nixon/Watergate or the CIA and the use of intelligence agencies for political revolution.
I think one incidental reason you got a lot of near-future dystopian science fiction (2001, Rollerball, THX 1138, Logan's Run) was the fairly abrupt changes and trends in "modern" interior design and architecture made depicting the near future a lot easier, as well as making it more real by using actual locations, commercial furniture, etc.
What's kind of interesting is that in some ways the future was a dystopia, but it worked anyway -- Rollerball may have been a dystopia, but it sure looked like everyone had a job and access to consumer goods. Not all were like this, but even some of the darker ones looked better even if it was a devil's bargain.
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