There is no need to provoke IS and everybody is their enemy. If they smell weakness, they exploit it. Their ideology mandates destruction of societal order as a necessary first step toward establishment of caliphate (check "Management of Savagery"). There are actually many reasons to attack Russia, many more reasons than there are to attack USA (USA being purely an ideological enemy).
1. Russia is in a weakened position.
2. Russia has a large Muslim minority.
3. Russia is an ally of Assad (pretty much saved his ass) and buddies with Iran.
4. Russia confronted directly IS and other Islamist groups in Syria.
5. Russia has its own share of meddle in Muslim countries (eg. in Afghanistan sided with communists against Islamists).
6. There are many IS recruits from Russia. At one point a military commanded of IS was a Chechen (born in Georgia actually) who hated Russia in his guts.
7. Many former Muslim colonies of Russia where there is no love for them (like Tajikistan, where after the fall of USSR natives were expelling Russians from their homes at a gun point).
Actually, I'm shocked when people ask why would IS attack Russia. That means the person is totally oblivious to world affairs.
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