Hollywood is in love with the "F" word. I do not think it would be in conversational use in a convent no matter how screwed up the nuns were. In addition, the word was not invented until the 1400s and this movie was set in the 1300s.
I would imagine he is only speaking about that specific word. Other words would have indicated the same thing.
IRRC, and I could be wrong, the "f" word was actually a polite and socially acceptable word for sexual activity when it was first emerged. Like many such words, it became an "obscene" term.