I just finished reading Dashiel Hammett's "Red Harvest" (1929), which inspired Akira Kurosawa's "Yojimbo" (1960), Sergio Leone's "Fistful of Dollars" (1964), and Walter Hill's "Last Man Standing" (1996).
When I say "inspired by" I mean that the plot of Red Harvest is not at all like any of the listed films. I could find only two directly-borrowed ideas: in the book and in every one of the films, a gang hideout is fire-bombed and the gang leader is shot as he comes out trying to surrender. And in the book and every one of the films, the main character never uses his real name. He is a detective in Red Harvest, a ronin or unemployed samurai in Yojimbo, a gunslinger in Fistful of Dollars; I think he was a Prohibition-era gunman in Last Man Standing but it's been too many years since I saw it.
Red Harvest has four separate gangs plus a corrupt police chief and a corrupt owner of the only newspaper. In all the films there are only two gangs for the Man With No Name to play against each other. Red Harvest itself would be too complicated to turn into a movie -- too many important characters, too many unlikely plot twists, too much convenient guesswork by the detective though it all makes sense.
In some ways the Coen Brothers' "Miller's Crossing" (1990), which is a complicated gangster film with a lot of plot twists, also seems inspired by Red Harvest. The character played by Gabriel Byrne ends up playing everyone against everyone else.
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