"bitrate is irrelevant in single layer discs because of limited capacity hence they were borrowing from LDs."
Bitrate is never irrelevant when it comes to DVD and other digital storage media. If you want a whole movie to fit on a DVD, regardless of whether it's a DVD-5 (single-layer) or DVD-9 (dual-layer), you have to adjust the audio and video stream bitrates accordingly when encoding them.
Goodfellas or any other Hollywood movie can easily fit onto a DVD-5, though for longer movies the quality will be noticeably poor (i.e., it will have visible compression artifacts such as macroblocking, smearing, color banding, etc). You can even easily do it yourself. Just download the old freeware program DVDShrink, and it will fit any movie onto a DVD-5 if you tell it to; it just transcodes the movie at a lower bitrate to make it fit. With Goodfellas not being an extremely long movie, the quality wouldn't even be all that bad at 4.7 GB. I fit one of the Lord of the Rings extended edition movies (3 someodd hours if I remember right) onto a single-layer DVD+R with DVDShrink for a friend about 16 years ago. I thought the quality was poor, but he didn't mind.
Single-layer DVDs, and DVDs in general, have nothing to do with LaserDiscs. With LDs, bitrate actually is irrelevant, because LD is an analog video format, and bitrate only applies to digital media such as DVD and Blu-ray. With LD, the limit is running time, which is a half-hour per side with CAV discs and 1 hour per side with CLV discs. The video on an LD doesn't have a bitrate, it has analog video bandwidth, measured in Hertz.
As for the rest of your post, I already know all about the various types of DVDs. I've dealt with just about every digital audio and video format in existence over the past ~20 years.
"Are you sure Goodfellas is a dual layer disc or just double sided?"
I don't know what type of DVD they put it on, and I never said that I did. I don't own it on DVD at all, let alone the first release of it, so I can't check to see whether it's single-layer or dual-layer. I only said that it could have been on a dual-layer DVD and still not fit on one side, if whoever encoded it wanted to use the maximum bitrate allowed by the DVD Forum standard. As I said before, at maximum bitrate it would have exceeded the capacity of even a dual-layer DVD.
"They're not the same thing"
I know that.
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