Another thing to consider is that, as much as Roddenberry hated this: Starfleet is the military, and the crew need to hear 'Red Alert' in order to take certain defensive actions.
Some actions may take place without an order (i.e. note how Kirk, in TMP, when told V'ger is scanning the ship, quickly orders 'Do NOT return scan!' to counter the crewperson's automatic impulse to reply with a scan without being prompted by an officer). But when it comes to ship's defenses, some things need a more hands-on approach than "Hey there might be a threat here....eh, the crew will know when to 'energize defense field', etc."
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