These films weren't based on "The Lottery" although their popularity was probably helped by the notoriety of that story. Rather, Shirley Jackson drew on similar sources. The idea that something like this dates back to antiquity and is preserved exactly as it was hundreds of years ago, was first popularized in the late 1800s by the romantic neopagans (not like the neopagan movement of today but its ancestor -- an example would be the chapter in "The Wind in the Willows" where the animals meet a god like Pan -- the author was one of these early romantic pagan revivalists). Find out more about this by reading "The Triumph of the Moon" by Roland Hutton which is a really great book.
Shirley makes a point in "The Lottery" of saying that the ritual has lost a lot of its meaning down through the ages until now, in modern times, the villagers do this almost mindlessly, not knowing why, just that it's "always been done". They're just going through the motions. This is more realistic than saying the entire belief system was preserved. That's why the story is so bizarre -- she has removed almost all the context.
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